Chapter V: Civil Rights
Article 109: The personal freedom and personal dignity of natural persons are protected by law.
Article 110: Natural persons enjoy rights such as the rights to life, body, health, name, likeness, reputation, honour, privacy, and marital autonomy.
Legal persons and unincorporated organisations enjoy the right to name, reputation and honour.
Article 111: The personal information of natural persons is protected by law. Where any organisation or individual needs to obtain the personal information of others, it shall obtain it in accordance with law and ensure the security of the information, and must not illegally collect, use, process, or transmit the personal information of others, and must not illegally buy, sell, provide, or disclose the personal information of others.
Article 112: The personal rights of natural persons arising from marriage and family relationships are protected by law.
Article 113: The property rights of civil entities are equally protected by law.
Article 114: Civil entities enjoy property rights in accordance with law.
Property right is the right holder to enjoy direct control and exclusive rights over specific things in accordance with the law, including ownership, usufruct rights and security rights.
Article 115: Objects include immovable and movable property. Where the law provides that rights are the object of real rights, follow those provisions.
Article 116: The types and contents of property rights shall be prescribed by law.
Article 117: Where immovable or movable property is expropriated or requisitioned in accordance with the scope of authority and procedures prescribed by law for the public interest, fair and reasonable compensation shall be given.
Article 118: Civil entities enjoy creditor’s rights in accordance with law.
A creditor’s right is the right of the obligee to request a specific obligor to do or not to do a certain act due to contract, tort, management without cause, unjust enrichment and other provisions of the law.
Article 119: Contracts established in accordance with law are legally binding on the parties.
Article 120: Where civil rights and interests are infringed upon, the infringed party has the right to request that the infringer bear tort liability.
Article 121: Where there is no statutory or contractual obligation, a person who conducts management in order to avoid losses to the interests of others has the right to request that the beneficiary reimburse the necessary expenses incurred as a result.
Article 122: Where others have obtained improper benefits because they have no legal basis, the person who has suffered losses has the right to request that they return the improper benefits.
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